Waste to Energy

This dataset is authorized for use under CC0-1.0 license, provided the dataset is cited as follows:
Milbrandt, A., and A. Badgett. 2024, Data from Biomass from waste streams, of Chapter 3 in the 2023 Billion-Ton Report. Version 0.0.1, Bioenergy Knowledge Discovery Framework (bioenergyKDF) Data Center, https://doi.org/10.23720/BT2023/2282886

Text from the associated chapter of the 2023 Billion-Ton Report should be cited as:
Milbrandt, A., and A. Badgett. 2024. “Chapter 3: Waste Resources and Byproducts.” In 2023 Billion‐Ton Report. M. H. Langholtz (Lead). Oak Ridge, TN: Oak Ridge National Laboratory. doi: 10.23720/BT2023/2316168.

Additional Details include:

Wet Waste Generation
Current/near-term total wet waste resource supply is based on previous work considering modeled and per-capita-derived estimates in 2017, except yellow and brown grease, which were updated to 2019 for this report. Future total supply for sludge, food waste, and FOG is based on generation increase approximated from percent change for population from 2017 to 2050. Future total supply for animal manure is based on generation increase approximated from percent change for each manure type from 2021 to 2032. This data represents animal manure information for 23 states only due to lack of geospatial data for the remaining states. However, these 23 states represent the majority of manure production: 94%, 76%, and 93% of confined cattle, dairy, and swine, respectively. More information about the data development and sources is available in the Methods section of the Billion-Ton Study.
Wet Waste Prices
Data in 2022 dollars. A price ceiling and price floor are defined, where modeled prices that are lower than the price floor or higher than the price ceiling are assigned prices equal to the respective floor and ceiling values. This dataset assumes a price floor of $0.0/wet ton and ceiling of $100/wet ton across all scenarios.
Field description for food waste:
Price model – Field uses default value estimated by food waste cost models
Price ceiling – Field uses maximum price ceiling of $100/t. Food waste cost model estimates high food waste diversion and sorting costs, which are typical of regions with low food waste generation.
Price floor – Field uses maximum price ceiling of $0/t. Food waste cost model estimates that food waste could be available at low to zero cost due to low estimated costs of diversion and sorting, along with high local landfill tipping fees.
Field description for sludge:
No sludge resource – No sludge resource estimated within the county and no price is assigned.
Hauling approximation – County generates an extremely small amount of sludge and cost model indicates that it may be more economically viable to haul sludge to a centralized facility.
Supply curve model – Field uses default value estimated by sludge cost models
More information about the data development and sources is available in the Methods section of the Billion-Ton Study.
Solid Waste Generation
This dataset includes available (landfilled) plastic and paper/cardboard waste in 2019 by county. It doesn’t include total generation potential due to lack of geospatial data at the county level. The dataset also includes total generation for clean urban wood (MSW and C&D), rubber/leather, textile, and yard trimmings by county using the latest EPA nationwide waste generation reporting (2018) and county population that year. Future total supply for all solid waste resources is based on generation increase approximated from percent change for population from 2018/2019 to 2050 at the county level. More information about the data development and sources is available in the Methods section of the Billion-Ton Study.
Solid Waste Prices
Data in 2022 dollars. Plastic and paper/cardboard waste prices for near-term and mature-market low/medium scenarios represent the reported 3-year average (2019-2021). For the remaining materials where market prices are not readily available, market prices are estimated by considering local landfill tipping fee and added costs for material separation. An additional price adder is considered for all solid waste resources under all mature-market scenarios reflecting an estimated increase in demand. More information about the data development and sources is available in the Methods section of the Billion-Ton Study.

Landfill gas included in this dataset was sourced from: https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-07/lmopdata.xlsx
For the latest landfill gas data, please access https://www.epa.gov/lmop/lmop-landfill-and-project-database